1. 安装所有依赖（官方仓库 + AUR）
# 更新系统
sudo pacman -Syu
# 安装基础构建工具（如果还没有 AUR helper，先装 paru）
sudo pacman -S --needed base-devel git
# 若未安装 paru，执行下面三行：
# git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/paru.git /tmp/paru
# cd /tmp/paru && makepkg -si
# 安装 niri 桌面基础组件 + Noctalia 系统依赖 + 字体
sudo pacman -S --needed \
niri xwayland-satellite \
xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk xdg-desktop-portal-gnome \
pipewire wireplumber polkit gnome-keyring \
kitty fuzzel wl-clipboard cliphist \
brightnessctl playerctl pavucontrol \
networkmanager bluez bluez-utils upower \
power-profiles-daemon wlsunset \
qt6ct nwg-look papirus-icon-theme adwaita-icon-theme \
nautilus ddcutil
# 安装字体（AUR）
paru -S --needed ttf-maple-mono-nf-cn
# 安装 Noctalia v5（AUR）
paru -S --needed noctalia-git
2. 启用系统服务
sudo systemctl enable --now NetworkManager
sudo systemctl enable --now bluetooth
sudo systemctl enable --now upower
3. 写入配置文件
3.1 Niri 配置
mkdir -p ~/.config/niri
cat > ~/.config/niri/config.kdl << 'EOF'
spawn-at-startup "noctalia"
environment {
QT_QPA_PLATFORM "wayland;xcb"
QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME "qt6ct"
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP "niri"
}
input {
keyboard {
numlock
}
touchpad {
tap
natural-scroll
}
}
output "eDP-1" {
mode "2560x1600@120.017"
scale 1.25
position x=0 y=0
transform "normal"
}
layout {
gaps 16
center-focused-column "never"
preset-column-widths {
proportion 0.33333
proportion 0.5
proportion 0.66667
}
default-column-width { proportion 0.5; }
focus-ring {
width 4
active-color "#7fc8ff"
inactive-color "#505050"
}
border {
off
width 4
active-color "#ffc87f"
inactive-color "#505050"
urgent-color "#9b0000"
}
shadow {
softness 30
spread 5
offset x=0 y=5
color "#0007"
}
}
screenshot-path "~/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot from %Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S.png"
window-rule {
geometry-corner-radius 20
clip-to-geometry true
}
window-rule {
match app-id="dev.noctalia.Noctalia.Settings"
open-floating true
default-column-width { fixed 1080; }
default-window-height { fixed 920; }
}
window-rule {
background-effect {
blur true
xray false
}
}
layer-rule {
match namespace="^noctalia-backdrop"
place-within-backdrop true
}
layer-rule {
match namespace="^noctalia-(bar-main|notification|dock|panel)$"
background-effect {
blur true
xray false
}
}
blur {
passes 2
offset 3.0
noise 0.03
saturation 1.0
}
debug {
honor-xdg-activation-with-invalid-serial
}
binds {
Mod+Shift+Slash { show-hotkey-overlay; }
Mod+T { spawn "wezterm"; }
Mod+D { spawn "fuzzel"; }
Super+Alt+S allow-when-locked=true { spawn-sh "pkill orca || exec orca"; }
XF86AudioPlay allow-when-locked=true { spawn-sh "playerctl play-pause"; }
XF86AudioStop allow-when-locked=true { spawn-sh "playerctl stop"; }
XF86AudioPrev allow-when-locked=true { spawn-sh "playerctl previous"; }
XF86AudioNext allow-when-locked=true { spawn-sh "playerctl next"; }
Mod+O repeat=false { toggle-overview; }
Mod+Shift+E { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "panel-toggle" "session"; }
Mod+L { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "screen-lock"; }
Mod+B { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "bar-toggle"; }
Mod+Shift+T { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "theme-mode-toggle"; }
XF86AudioRaiseVolume allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "volume-up"; }
XF86AudioLowerVolume allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "volume-down"; }
XF86AudioMute allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "volume-mute"; }
XF86AudioMicMute allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "mic-mute"; }
XF86MonBrightnessUp allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "brightness-up"; }
XF86MonBrightnessDown allow-when-locked=true { spawn "noctalia" "msg" "brightness-down"; }
Mod+Q repeat=false { close-window; }
Mod+Left { focus-column-left; }
Mod+Down { focus-window-down; }
Mod+Up { focus-window-up; }
Mod+Right { focus-column-right; }
Mod+H { focus-column-left; }
Mod+J { focus-window-down; }
Mod+K { focus-window-up; }
Mod+L { focus-column-right; }
Mod+Ctrl+Left { move-column-left; }
Mod+Ctrl+Down { move-window-down; }
Mod+Ctrl+Up { move-window-up; }
Mod+Ctrl+Right { move-column-right; }
Mod+Ctrl+H { move-column-left; }
Mod+Ctrl+J { move-window-down; }
Mod+Ctrl+K { move-window-up; }
Mod+Ctrl+L { move-column-right; }
Mod+Home { focus-column-first; }
Mod+End { focus-column-last; }
Mod+Ctrl+Home { move-column-to-first; }
Mod+Ctrl+End { move-column-to-last; }
Mod+Shift+Left { focus-monitor-left; }
Mod+Shift+Down { focus-monitor-down; }
Mod+Shift+Up { focus-monitor-up; }
Mod+Shift+Right { focus-monitor-right; }
Mod+Shift+H { focus-monitor-left; }
Mod+Shift+J { focus-monitor-down; }
Mod+Shift+K { focus-monitor-up; }
Mod+Shift+L { focus-monitor-right; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+Left { move-column-to-monitor-left; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+Down { move-column-to-monitor-down; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+Up { move-column-to-monitor-up; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+Right { move-column-to-monitor-right; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+H { move-column-to-monitor-left; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+J { move-column-to-monitor-down; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+K { move-column-to-monitor-up; }
Mod+Shift+Ctrl+L { move-column-to-monitor-right; }
Mod+Page_Down { focus-workspace-down; }
Mod+Page_Up { focus-workspace-up; }
Mod+U { focus-workspace-down; }
Mod+I { focus-workspace-up; }
Mod+Ctrl+Page_Down { move-column-to-workspace-down; }
Mod+Ctrl+Page_Up { move-column-to-workspace-up; }
Mod+Ctrl+U { move-column-to-workspace-down; }
Mod+Ctrl+I { move-column-to-workspace-up; }
Mod+Shift+Page_Down { move-workspace-down; }
Mod+Shift+Page_Up { move-workspace-up; }
Mod+Shift+U { move-workspace-down; }
Mod+Shift+I { move-workspace-up; }
Mod+WheelScrollDown cooldown-ms=150 { focus-workspace-down; }
Mod+WheelScrollUp cooldown-ms=150 { focus-workspace-up; }
Mod+Ctrl+WheelScrollDown cooldown-ms=150 { move-column-to-workspace-down; }
Mod+Ctrl+WheelScrollUp cooldown-ms=150 { move-column-to-workspace-up; }
Mod+WheelScrollRight { focus-column-right; }
Mod+WheelScrollLeft { focus-column-left; }
Mod+Ctrl+WheelScrollRight { move-column-right; }
Mod+Ctrl+WheelScrollLeft { move-column-left; }
Mod+Shift+WheelScrollDown { focus-column-right; }
Mod+Shift+WheelScrollUp { focus-column-left; }
Mod+Ctrl+Shift+WheelScrollDown { move-column-right; }
Mod+Ctrl+Shift+WheelScrollUp { move-column-left; }
Mod+1 { focus-workspace 1; }
Mod+2 { focus-workspace 2; }
Mod+3 { focus-workspace 3; }
Mod+4 { focus-workspace 4; }
Mod+5 { focus-workspace 5; }
Mod+6 { focus-workspace 6; }
Mod+7 { focus-workspace 7; }
Mod+8 { focus-workspace 8; }
Mod+9 { focus-workspace 9; }
Mod+Ctrl+1 { move-column-to-workspace 1; }
Mod+Ctrl+2 { move-column-to-workspace 2; }
Mod+Ctrl+3 { move-column-to-workspace 3; }
Mod+Ctrl+4 { move-column-to-workspace 4; }
Mod+Ctrl+5 { move-column-to-workspace 5; }
Mod+Ctrl+6 { move-column-to-workspace 6; }
Mod+Ctrl+7 { move-column-to-workspace 7; }
Mod+Ctrl+8 { move-column-to-workspace 8; }
Mod+Ctrl+9 { move-column-to-workspace 9; }
Mod+BracketLeft { consume-or-expel-window-left; }
Mod+BracketRight { consume-or-expel-window-right; }
Mod+Comma { consume-window-into-column; }
Mod+Period { expel-window-from-column; }
Mod+R { switch-preset-column-width; }
Mod+Shift+R { switch-preset-column-width-back; }
Mod+Ctrl+Shift+R { switch-preset-window-height; }
Mod+Ctrl+R { reset-window-height; }
Mod+F { maximize-column; }
Mod+Shift+F { fullscreen-window; }
Mod+M { maximize-window-to-edges; }
Mod+Ctrl+F { expand-column-to-available-width; }
Mod+C { center-column; }
Mod+Ctrl+C { center-visible-columns; }
Mod+Minus { set-column-width "-10%"; }
Mod+Equal { set-column-width "+10%"; }
Mod+Shift+Minus { set-window-height "-10%"; }
Mod+Shift+Equal { set-window-height "+10%"; }
Mod+V { toggle-window-floating; }
Mod+Shift+V { switch-focus-between-floating-and-tiling; }
Mod+W { toggle-column-tabbed-display; }
Print { screenshot; }
Ctrl+Print { screenshot-screen; }
Alt+Print { screenshot-window; }
Mod+Escape allow-inhibiting=false { toggle-keyboard-shortcuts-inhibit; }
Ctrl+Alt+Delete { quit; }
Mod+Shift+P { power-off-monitors; }
}
EOF
3.2 Noctalia 配置
mkdir -p ~/.config/noctalia
cat > ~/.config/noctalia/config.toml << 'EOF'
[backdrop]
enabled = true
blur_intensity = 0.5
tint_intensity = 0.3
[theme]
mode = "dark"
source = "builtin"
builtin = "Noctalia"
[wallpaper]
enabled = true
directory = "~/Pictures/Wallpapers"
fill_mode = "crop"
[bar.main]
position = "top"
thickness = 55
background_opacity = 0.8
radius = 20
start = ["launcher", "wallpaper", "workspaces"]
center = ["clock"]
end = ["tray", "notifications", "volume", "battery", "session"]
[weather]
address = "harbin"
[dock]
enabled = true
position = "bottom"
icon_size = 25
auto_hide = false
[idle.behavior.lock]
timeout = 600
command = "noctalia:screen-lock"
enabled = true
[idle.behavior.screen-off]
timeout = 660
command = "noctalia:dpms-off"
resume_command = "noctalia:dpms-on"
enabled = true
EOF
4. 验证与生效
# 验证 niri 配置语法
niri validate
# 确保壁纸目录存在
mkdir -p ~/Pictures/Wallpapers
最后一步：注销当前会话，在显示管理器（如 SDDM/GDM/ly）中选择 niri 会话重新登录。Noctalia 会通过 spawn-at-startup 自动拉起，无需手动启动。
附：快速排错
| 现象 | 检查项 |
|---|---|
| Noctalia 没自启 | 确认 niri validate 通过，且 spawn-at-startup "noctalia" 在配置最顶层 |
| 栏位/组件不显示 | 检查 ~/.local/state/noctalia/settings.toml 是否覆盖了配置，可临时移走该文件后重登录 |
| 电池/亮度图标缺失 | 确认 upower 服务已启用，且用户已在 power 组（或安装 brightnessctl） |
| Qt 应用图标异常 | 运行 qt6ct 选择图标主题，并确保 niri environment 块中 QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME 已设置 |
5. 中文输入
sudo pacman -S --needed \
fcitx5 fcitx5-configtool fcitx5-gtk fcitx5-qt \
fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki \
noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji
说明：
• fcitx5-chinese-addons：包含拼音、双拼、五笔等中文输入法。
• fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki：中文维基词库，拼音体验会好很多。
• fcitx5-gtk / fcitx5-qt：给 GTK/Qt/XWayland 应用兜底。
• noto-fonts-cjk：避免中文显示方框。
• noto-fonts-emoji：候选框 Emoji 正常显示。
如果你想用 Rime / 雾凇拼音
可额外安装：
sudo pacman -S --needed fcitx5-rime
雾凇拼音通常在 AUR：
paru -S rime-ice-git
2. 在 niri 中自启动 Fcitx5
编辑：
• ~/.config/niri/config.kdl
加入：
~/.config/niri/config.kdl (EXCERPT)
spawn-at-startup "fcitx5" "-d"
如果你已经有很多 spawn-at-startup，放在 Noctalia 附近即可。例如：
~/.config/niri/config.kdl (EXCERPT)
spawn-at-startup "fcitx5" "-d"
spawn-at-startup "noctalia"
3. 配置 niri 环境变量
继续编辑 ~/.config/niri/config.kdl，加入或合并 environment 块。
推荐配置：偏现代 Wayland，兼顾 Qt/XWayland
~/.config/niri/config.kdl (EXCERPT)
environment {
XMODIFIERS "@im=fcitx"
QT_IM_MODULE "fcitx"
QT_IM_MODULES "wayland;fcitx;ibus"
GTK_IM_MODULE null
SDL_IM_MODULE null
GLFW_IM_MODULE null
}
解释一下：
• XMODIFIERS "@im=fcitx"：让 XWayland/X11 程序能找到 Fcitx。
• QT_IM_MODULE "fcitx"：照顾 Qt5、老 Qt、部分 XWayland Qt 应用。
• QT_IM_MODULES "wayland;fcitx;ibus"：Qt 6.7+ 支持的 fallback 顺序，优先 Wayland，失败再用 fcitx。
• GTK_IM_MODULE null：不要强行让 GTK 走 fcitx module，优先让 GTK3/GTK4 使用 Wayland text-input。
• SDL_IM_MODULE null / GLFW_IM_MODULE null：避免部分游戏/SDL/GLFW 应用被全局 IM module 干扰。
4. 验证 niri 配置
保存后执行：
niri validate
6. 字体配置
**在 Arch Linux + Niri 上安装并默认使用类似苹果的字体方案（SF Pro + 苹方 PingFang）**
以下是完整整合指南，英文使用 **SF Pro**，中文优先使用 **苹方 (PingFang SC)**，实现 macOS-like 体验。
### 1. 安装字体（推荐 AUR）
```bash
# 安装 SF Pro 系列（包含 SF Pro Display/Text、SF Mono 等）
yay -S apple-sf-fonts
# 单独安装苹方（PingFang SC / HK 等）
yay -S otf-apple-pingfang
- 如果
yay未安装：
sudo pacman -S --needed git base-devel && git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git && cd yay && makepkg -si - 安装完后刷新字体缓存：
fc-cache -fv
手动安装（有 Mac 时）：从 Mac 的 /System/Library/Fonts/ 或 /Library/Fonts/ 复制 SF Pro 和 PingFang 相关 .otf/.ttc 文件到 ~/.local/share/fonts/，然后 fc-cache -fv。
2. 综合 fontconfig 配置（核心）
创建用户配置文件：
mkdir -p ~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d
nano ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf
推荐完整配置（SF Pro + 苹方优先）：
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
<!-- 系统 UI / sans-serif 默认使用 SF Pro（英文/拉丁文字） -->
<alias>
<family>system-ui</family>
<prefer>
<family>SF Pro Display</family> <!-- 大字号/UI -->
<family>SF Pro Text</family> <!-- 小字号/正文 -->
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans-serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>SF Pro Display</family>
<family>SF Pro Text</family>
<family>PingFang SC</family> <!-- 中文 fallback -->
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans</family>
<prefer>
<family>SF Pro Display</family>
<family>SF Pro Text</family>
<family>PingFang SC</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<!-- 等宽字体（可选 SF Mono） -->
<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer>
<family>SF Mono</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<!-- 中文语言优先使用苹方（更精确控制） -->
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>PingFang SC</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>PingFang SC</string>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
应用配置：
fc-cache -fv
3. 字体渲染优化（类似 macOS 清晰度）
nano ~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/99-apple-rendering.conf
内容：
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
<match target="font">
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
<edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign"><const>hintslight</const></edit>
<edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
<edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit> <!-- 根据屏幕调整：rgb / bgr -->
<edit name="lcdfilter" mode="assign"><const>lcddefault</const></edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
刷新：fc-cache -fv
4. 验证效果
fc-match sans-serif
fc-match system-ui
fc-match -s "你好，世界" # 应该优先显示 PingFang SC
fc-list | grep -E "SF Pro|PingFang"
注意事项
- Niri / Wayland：大多数现代应用（Firefox、Chrome、Alacritty、GTK/Qt）会遵循 fontconfig。部分终端或 Electron 应用可能需单独设置字体。
- 语言切换：中文环境下
zh匹配会优先苹方；英文/其他语言优先 SF Pro。 - 备选：如果不想用 Apple 字体，可用
ttf-inter+adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts替代。 - 法律提醒：这些是 Apple 版权字体，仅限个人使用。
- 高 DPI：在 Niri 配置中合理设置缩放，效果最佳。
重启相关应用或注销重进 Niri 后即可看到接近 macOS 的字体观感（英文锐利、中文苹方和谐）。
如果验证后中文仍未优先，或有特定应用问题，运行 fc-match --verbose sans-serif 并提供输出，我可以进一步调整配置！